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go-zero/doc/jwt.md
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Co-authored-by: kingxt <dream4kingxt@163.com>
2020-09-21 16:09:02 +08:00

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### 基于go-zero实现JWT认证
关于JWT是什么大家可以看看[官网](https://jwt.io/),一句话介绍下:是可以实现服务器无状态的鉴权认证方案,也是目前最流行的跨域认证解决方案。
要实现JWT认证我们需要分成如下两个步骤
* 客户端获取JWT token。
* 服务器对客户端带来的JWT token认证。
### 1. 客户端获取JWT Token
我们定义一个协议供客户端调用获取JWT token我们新建一个目录jwt然后在目录中执行 `goctl api -o jwt.api`将生成的jwt.api改成如下
````go
type JwtTokenRequest struct {
}
type JwtTokenResponse struct {
AccessToken string `json:"access_token"`
AccessExpire int64 `json:"access_expire"`
RefreshAfter int64 `json:"refresh_after"` // 建议客户端刷新token的绝对时间
}
service jwt-api {
@server(
handler: JwtHandler
)
post /user/token(JwtTokenRequest) returns (JwtTokenResponse)
}
````
再次在生成服务目录中执行:`goctl api go -api jwt.api -dir .`
打开jwtlogic.go文件修改 `func (l *JwtLogic) Jwt(req types.JwtTokenRequest) (*types.JwtTokenResponse, error) {` 方法如下:
```go
const AccessSecret = "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"
func (l *JwtLogic) Jwt(req types.JwtTokenRequest) (*types.JwtTokenResponse, error) {
var accessExpire int64 = 60 * 60 * 24 * 7
now := time.Now().Unix()
accessToken, err := l.GenToken(now, AccessSecret, nil, accessExpire)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return &types.JwtTokenResponse{AccessToken: accessToken, AccessExpire: now + accessExpire, RefreshAfter: now + accessExpire/2}, nil
}
func (l *JwtLogic) GenToken(iat int64, secretKey string, payloads map[string]interface{}, seconds int64) (string, error) {
claims := make(jwt.MapClaims)
claims["exp"] = iat + seconds
claims["iat"] = iat
for k, v := range payloads {
claims[k] = v
}
token := jwt.New(jwt.SigningMethodHS256)
token.Claims = claims
return token.SignedString([]byte(secretKey))
}
```
启动服务器然后测试下获取到的token
```sh
➜ jwt curl --location --request POST '127.0.0.1:8888/user/token'
{"access_token":"eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJleHAiOjE2MDEyNjE0MjksImlhdCI6MTYwMDY1NjYyOX0.6u_hpE_4m5gcI90taJLZtvfekwUmjrbNJ-5saaDGeQc","access_expire":1601261429,"refresh_after":1600959029}
```
### 2 服务器验证JWT token
1. 添加一个测试JWT的路由修改api文件如下
```go
type JwtTokenRequest struct {
}
type JwtTokenResponse struct {
AccessToken string `json:"access_token"`
AccessExpire int64 `json:"access_expire"`
RefreshAfter int64 `json:"refresh_after"` // 建议客户端刷新token的绝对时间
}
type GetUserRequest struct {
UserId string `json:"userId"`
}
type GetUserResponse struct {
Name string `json:"name"`
}
service jwt-api {
@server(
handler: JwtHandler
)
post /user/token(JwtTokenRequest) returns (JwtTokenResponse)
@server(
handler: GetUserHandler
)
post /user/getUser(GetUserRequest) returns (GetUserResponse)
}
```
再次执行 `goctl api go -api jwt.api -dir .` 生成代码。
2. 修改 routes.go给协议添加JWT认证 `rest.WithJwt(logic.AccessSecret)`
```go
func RegisterHandlers(engine *rest.Server, serverCtx *svc.ServiceContext) {
engine.AddRoutes([]rest.Route{
{
Method: http.MethodPost,
Path: "/user/token",
Handler: jwtHandler(serverCtx),
},
})
engine.AddRoutes([]rest.Route{
{
Method: http.MethodPost,
Path: "/user/info",
Handler: getUserHandler(serverCtx),
},
}, rest.WithJwt(logic.AccessSecret))
}
```
3. 修改getuserlogic.go如下
```go
func (l *GetUserLogic) GetUser(req types.GetUserRequest) (*types.GetUserResponse, error) {
return &types.GetUserResponse{Name: "kim"}, nil
}
```
* 我们先不带JWT Authorization header请求头测试下返回http status code是401符合预期。
```sh
➜ jwt curl -w "\nhttp: %{http_code} \n" --location --request POST '127.0.0.1:8888/user/info' \
--header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
--data-raw '{
"userId": "a"
}'
http: 401
```
* 加上Authorization header请求头测试。
```sh
➜ jwt curl -w "\nhttp: %{http_code} \n" --location --request POST '127.0.0.1:8888/user/info' \
--header 'Authorization: eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJleHAiOjE2MDEyNjE0MjksImlhdCI6MTYwMDY1NjYyOX0.6u_hpE_4m5gcI90taJLZtvfekwUmjrbNJ-5saaDGeQc' \
--header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
--data-raw '{
"userId": "a"
}'
{"name":"kim"}
http: 200
```
综上所述基于go-zero的JWT认证完成在真实生产环境部署时候AccessSecret, AccessExpire, RefreshAfter可以通过配置文件配置RefreshAfter 是告诉客户端什么时候该刷新JWT token了一般都需要设置过期时间前几天。